7月10日(ri),中國電(dian)(dian)力企業(ye)聯(lian)合會(以下簡(jian)稱“中電(dian)(dian)聯(lian)”)發(fa)布(bu)《中國電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)年度發(fa)展報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)2024》(以下簡(jian)稱“《報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)2024》”),向全社(she)會發(fa)布(bu)2023年電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)基本數據(ju)(ju),這是中電(dian)(dian)聯(lian)連續第19年發(fa)布(bu)該報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)。《報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)2024》以電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)統計與調查數據(ju)(ju)為依據(ju)(ju),結合企業(ye)和相關機構提(ti)供(gong)的珍貴資料,全面、客觀(guan)、準確反(fan)映(ying)中國電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)發(fa)展與改革(ge)現狀(zhuang)。
2023年,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)以習近平(ping)(ping)(ping)新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色社會主義(yi)思想為指導,深(shen)(shen)入(ru)(ru)貫(guan)徹(che)落實習近平(ping)(ping)(ping)總書記重要指示批示和(he)黨的(de)二十大精(jing)神,按照黨中(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院部(bu)署,堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)穩(wen)中(zhong)求進(jin)(jin)工作(zuo)總基調,統(tong)籌(chou)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)安全(quan),深(shen)(shen)入(ru)(ru)貫(guan)徹(che)“四個(ge)革(ge)命、一個(ge)合(he)作(zuo)”能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)安全(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)戰(zhan)略,積極穩(wen)妥(tuo)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)構建(jian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong),助力(li)(li)(li)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),在新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)歷史起點上(shang)推(tui)(tui)(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)源(yuan)網(wang)荷儲全(quan)鏈條發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)邁上(shang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)臺階。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)深(shen)(shen)入(ru)(ru)學習貫(guan)徹(che)習近平(ping)(ping)(ping)新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色社會主義(yi)思想主題教育,大力(li)(li)(li)弘揚“忠誠擔當、求實創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)、追求卓(zhuo)越、奉獻光明”的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)精(jing)神,實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)清(qing)潔低碳(tan)(tan)、安全(quan)高(gao)效發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)和(he)各類用戶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)獲得(de)(de)感雙(shuang)提升;全(quan)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安全(quan),著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)增強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應鏈彈性和(he)韌性,供(gong)(gong)需協同發(fa)(fa)力(li)(li)(li),有效緩解了年初和(he)歲末部(bu)分地區部(bu)分時段供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張局面,堅(jian)(jian)(jian)決(jue)守牢民生用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全(quan)底線(xian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)生產供(gong)(gong)應和(he)系(xi)統(tong)運(yun)行(xing)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)穩(wen)定;加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)綠色低碳(tan)(tan)轉(zhuan)型(xing),著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)構建(jian)風、光、水、核(he)、火多輪驅(qu)動的(de)清(qing)潔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應體(ti)(ti)系(xi),新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)快(kuai)速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)勢頭,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)碳(tan)(tan)排放強度穩(wen)步下降;縱深(shen)(shen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市場化改(gai)革(ge)和(he)科技創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)統(tong)一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市場,持(chi)(chi)續(xu)完善市場交易機制(zhi),推(tui)(tui)(tui)動建(jian)立煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價機制(zhi),加(jia)(jia)大力(li)(li)(li)度開展(zhan)(zhan)高(gao)效新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、先進(jin)(jin)核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈活煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、多元(yuan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)、特(te)(te)高(gao)壓輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等關鍵技術攻關,加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)產業(ye)數字化進(jin)(jin)程,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)活力(li)(li)(li)和(he)動力(li)(li)(li)進(jin)(jin)一步增強;扎實推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)共建(jian)綠色“一帶一路”,構建(jian)亞太電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)命運(yun)共同體(ti)(ti)取得(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)成效,高(gao)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)國(guo)(guo)際合(he)作(zuo)全(quan)方(fang)位拓展(zhan)(zhan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)踐(jian)行(xing)責任擔當,為推(tui)(tui)(tui)動經濟高(gao)質量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)滿(man)足人民美好生活需要提供(gong)(gong)了堅(jian)(jian)(jian)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)障,譜寫(xie)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)篇(pian)章(zhang)。
《報告2024》共14章,重點反(fan)映了2023年(nian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消費、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生產(chan)與(yu)(yu)供需(xu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)投資與(yu)(yu)建(jian)設、新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場建(jian)設、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)安全與(yu)(yu)可靠(kao)性、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)低(di)碳環保(bao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業發(fa)展與(yu)(yu)經營、國際電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)發(fa)展與(yu)(yu)合作、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)標準化、科技與(yu)(yu)數字化等(deng)情況(kuang),并(bing)展望(wang)了2024年(nian)及中(zhong)長(chang)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)發(fa)展。
在電力(li)消(xiao)費方面,電力(li)消(xiao)費結構繼續優化。2023年,全國92238億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi),同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.7%,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速同比提高(gao)3.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點,高(gao)于GDP增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速1.5個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點;全國人(ren)(ren)均用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)6538千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)/人(ren)(ren),同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加422千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)/人(ren)(ren)。受經濟回(hui)升(sheng)及上(shang)年同期(qi)基(ji)數的(de)影響,各(ge)季度全社會用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比分(fen)(fen)別增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.6%、6.4%、6.6%、10.0%,全年增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速逐季上(shang)升(sheng)。電(dian)力(li)消費結(jie)構繼續(xu)優化,第二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong),高(gao)技術及裝備(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.2%,超過(guo)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)水(shui)平(ping)3.8個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點,表現亮眼。其中(zhong),光伏設備(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)76.0%,新能源整(zheng)車制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)38.8%,充換電(dian)服務業(ye)(ye)用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)78.1%,新興產(chan)業(ye)(ye)用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)保(bao)持強勁增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)勢頭。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力生產供應(ying)方(fang)面,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力綠色(se)轉型(xing)提速(su)(su)(su)。截(jie)至2023年(nian)底,全(quan)國全(quan)口徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量292224萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)14.0%,增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)(su)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)提升(sheng)6.0個百分點。人均發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量達到(dao)(dao)2.1千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),歷史性(xing)突破2千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)/人。其中,水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)42237萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.0%;火電(dian)(dian)(dian)139099萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.2%;核電(dian)(dian)(dian)5691萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.4%;并(bing)(bing)網(wang)風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)44144萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)20.7%;并(bing)(bing)網(wang)太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)61048萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)55.5%。并(bing)(bing)網(wang)風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和光伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)合計(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)規模突破10億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)大關(guan),2023年(nian)底達到(dao)(dao)10.5億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)重為36%。我(wo)國風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)連續14年(nian)位居全(quan)球第一,光伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)連續9年(nian)位居全(quan)球第一。2023年(nian),全(quan)國發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量94564億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)6.9%。在新能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)帶動下,風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),合計(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加2801億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi),占全(quan)年(nian)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)量的46.1%。截(jie)至2023年(nian)底,非化石能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量157541萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)24.1%,占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)重首(shou)次(ci)突破50%,達到(dao)(dao)53.9%。2023年(nian),基建新增(zeng)(zeng)非化石能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量合計(ji)30762萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)96.2%,占新增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)總(zong)量的83.0%。2023年(nian),全(quan)國完成跨(kua)(kua)區輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力達到(dao)(dao)18815萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)持(chi)平;全(quan)國完成跨(kua)(kua)區輸(shu)送電(dian)(dian)(dian)量8497億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)9.7%。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)投資(zi)與(yu)建設(she)方面,新(xin)(xin)能源新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)成為(wei)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)絕對主(zhu)體。2023年(nian),全國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)合(he)計完(wan)(wan)成投資(zi)15502億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)24.7%。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)完(wan)(wan)成投資(zi)10225億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)37.7%。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)完(wan)(wan)成投資(zi)5277億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)5.4%。電(dian)(dian)(dian)源投資(zi)加速綠(lv)色低碳轉(zhuan)型,其(qi)中,風電(dian)(dian)(dian)投資(zi)2753億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)36.9%;太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)完(wan)(wan)成4316億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)50.7%。非化石能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)投資(zi)同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)39.2%,占電(dian)(dian)(dian)源投資(zi)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)達到89.2%。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量37067萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)86.7%,增(zeng)(zeng)速較上(shang)年(nian)提(ti)升75.5個百分(fen)點。其(qi)中,新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)并網(wang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)7622千(qian)瓦(wa),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)97.4%;新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)并網(wang)太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)21753萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),占同(tong)(tong)期全國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)的(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)58.7%,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)146.6%。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)占新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)總(zong)容量的(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)達到79.2%。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)完(wan)(wan)成投資(zi)5277億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)5.4%。電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業(ye)進(jin)一步加強(qiang)農網(wang)鞏固與(yu)提(ti)升配網(wang)建設(she),110千(qian)伏(fu)及以下等級電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)2902億(yi)元(yuan),占電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)程投資(zi)總(zong)額的(de)55.0%。重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通道工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)穩(wen)步推(tui)進(jin),白鶴灘—浙江±800千(qian)伏(fu)特(te)高(gao)壓直流輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程、駐(zhu)馬店—武(wu)漢1000千(qian)伏(fu)特(te)高(gao)壓交(jiao)流工(gong)(gong)程等正式投運。
在(zai)電力(li)低(di)(di)碳(tan)環保方面,降(jiang)碳(tan)減(jian)污工作扎實推進(jin)(jin),市(shi)場(chang)機制促進(jin)(jin)電力(li)碳(tan)減(jian)排(pai)。2023年,全(quan)國單位(wei)火(huo)電發(fa)電量二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)約(yue)(yue)821克(ke)/千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.4%,比(bi)(bi)2005年降(jiang)低(di)(di)21.7%;單位(wei)發(fa)電量二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)約(yue)(yue)540克(ke)/千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.20%,比(bi)(bi)2005年降(jiang)低(di)(di)37.1%。全(quan)國2257家火(huo)電企業參(can)與碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)權交易(yi)(yi),2023年全(quan)年碳(tan)配額(e)(e)總成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)交量超(chao)過2.12億噸,累(lei)計成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)交額(e)(e)超(chao)過144億元。全(quan)年覆蓋(gai)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量超(chao)過50億噸,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)球(qiu)覆蓋(gai)溫(wen)室氣(qi)體(ti)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量最(zui)大(da)的碳(tan)市(shi)場(chang)。全(quan)國碳(tan)市(shi)場(chang)運(yun)行(xing)期間(jian),市(shi)場(chang)運(yun)行(xing)平穩有(you)序(xu),交易(yi)(yi)價(jia)格(ge)穩中有(you)升(sheng);全(quan)國溫(wen)室氣(qi)體(ti)自(zi)愿減(jian)排(pai)交易(yi)(yi)市(shi)場(chang)啟(qi)動(dong),帶動(dong)全(quan)社會共同(tong)參(can)與綠色低(di)(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展,為(wei)降(jiang)低(di)(di)減(jian)排(pai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本提(ti)供更(geng)多渠道(dao)。煤電“三改(gai)聯動(dong)”規模持(chi)續提(ti)升(sheng),全(quan)國6000千瓦及以上火(huo)電廠(chang)供電標準(zhun)煤耗(hao)301.6克(ke)/千瓦時(shi);全(quan)國電網線損率(lv)4.54%,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.3個(ge)百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。全(quan)國火(huo)電煙塵、二氧(yang)化(hua)硫(liu)、氮氧(yang)化(hua)物排(pai)放(fang)(fang)總量分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)8.5萬(wan)噸、48.4萬(wan)噸和78.5萬(wan)噸,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)下降(jiang)約(yue)(yue)14.1%、上升(sheng)約(yue)(yue)1.7%、上升(sheng)約(yue)(yue)3.0%。
在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)建(jian)設方(fang)面,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)規(gui)模(mo)快(kuai)速(su)擴(kuo)大(da)(da),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)機制不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)完(wan)善(shan),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)改革(ge)深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)。2023年(nian),全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)56679.4億千(qian)瓦時(shi),同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長7.9%,占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)為61.4%,比(bi)(bi)(bi)2022年(nian)提升0.6個百分點。各電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)平臺(tai)累計(ji)注冊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體(ti)74.3萬家,同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長23.9%,多(duo)元競爭主(zhu)體(ti)格(ge)局初步(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)規(gui)模(mo)穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力中(zhong)長期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)已在(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)范(fan)圍內常態化(hua)運行并持續增(zeng)長,全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)長期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)在(zai)90%以上,中(zhong)長期(qi)合同履(lv)約(yue)率(lv)超過96%,成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)價(jia)格(ge)平穩(wen)(wen),充分發揮(hui)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力中(zhong)長期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)保供(gong)穩(wen)(wen)價(jia)的(de)(de)基礎作(zuo)用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)建(jian)設穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)推(tui)進(jin),23個省份啟動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)試運行,反(fan)映實時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需(xu)的(de)(de)價(jia)格(ge)機制基本(ben)建(jian)立。輔(fu)助服(fu)務市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)實現(xian)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋,品種(zhong)和(he)主(zhu)體(ti)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)豐富。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)改革(ge)深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin),煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)政策出(chu)臺(tai),初步(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)回收(shou)固定(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)回收(shou)變動(dong)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、輔(fu)助服(fu)務回收(shou)調節(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格(ge)機制,推(tui)動(dong)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向基礎保障性(xing)和(he)系統調節(jie)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)并重(zhong)轉型。新能源(yuan)進(jin)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)節(jie)奏(zou)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加快(kuai),全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)新能源(yuan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)6845億千(qian)瓦時(shi),占(zhan)新能源(yuan)總(zong)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)47.3%,全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)范(fan)圍內促進(jin)有(you)效競爭的(de)(de)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)規(gui)則(ze)體(ti)系基本(ben)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)。積極構建(jian)綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、綠(lv)證市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)體(ti)系,完(wan)善(shan)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)機制,綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、綠(lv)證交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)規(gui)模(mo)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)擴(kuo)大(da)(da),截至2023年(nian)底,全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)累計(ji)綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)954億千(qian)瓦時(shi),其中(zhong)2023年(nian)綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)697億千(qian)瓦時(shi)。綠(lv)證交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)啟動(dong)以來(lai),累計(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)突破1億張(zhang)。
在(zai)電(dian)力(li)國際合作(zuo)方(fang)面,綠色(se)發(fa)展成(cheng)色(se)更足(zu)。截至2023年底,中(zhong)(zhong)國主要申力(li)企業對(dui)外(wai)直接投(tou)資(zi)總金(jin)額44.2億(yi)美元,同比增長30.8%;其中(zhong)(zhong),新(xin)(xin)能源對(dui)外(wai)投(tou)資(zi)項目(mu)數量占比61.8%。第24屆亞(ya)太電(dian)協(xie)大會(hui)在(zai)廈門成(cheng)功召(zhao)開,亞(ya)太電(dian)力(li)交(jiao)流合作(zuo)邁(mai)上新(xin)(xin)臺階(jie)。
在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統建(jian)設方(fang)(fang)面,系(xi)(xi)(xi)統構建(jian)基(ji)礎(chu)不斷夯實。清潔低碳(tan)方(fang)(fang)面,非(fei)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)157541萬千瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)24.1%,占總(zong)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)首次突破(po)50%,達到(dao)53.9%。2023年,基(ji)建(jian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)非(fei)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)合計30762萬千瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)96.2%,占新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)總(zong)量(liang)的83.0%。安全(quan)充裕方(fang)(fang)面,2023年,全(quan)國新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)支撐性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、常規水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))6338萬千瓦(wa)(wa),西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東送規模(mo)超(chao)過(guo)3億千瓦(wa)(wa),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配(pei)置能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)持(chi)(chi)(chi)續提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。經濟高效(xiao)方(fang)(fang)面,建(jian)立煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向基(ji)礎(chu)保障性(xing)(xing)和(he)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統調(diao)節性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并重(zhong)轉型(xing)(xing)發展(zhan)的容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價機(ji)(ji)制,統一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)市場體系(xi)(xi)(xi)建(jian)設持(chi)(chi)(chi)續加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang),系(xi)(xi)(xi)統綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)水平穩(wen)步提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。供(gong)需(xu)協(xie)同(tong)方(fang)(fang)面,源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網荷(he)儲(chu)一體化和(he)多能(neng)(neng)(neng)互補蓬勃發展(zhan),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求響應能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)穩(wen)步提(ti)(ti)升(sheng),虛擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)在(zai)京津冀(ji)區(qu)域(yu)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)三(san)角區(qu)域(yu)、粵港澳大灣(wan)區(qu)加(jia)快布局,車(che)網互動在(zai)東部(bu)負荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)地(di)區(qu)開展(zhan)有(you)益探索。靈活(huo)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)方(fang)(fang)面,系(xi)(xi)(xi)統調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)持(chi)(chi)(chi)續加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang),具備(bei)深度(du)調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)占比(bi)超(chao)過(guo)50%,抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)2814萬千瓦(wa)(wa),在(zai)近(jin)年來新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機(ji)(ji)高速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)條件下,利用率(lv)連續五年保持(chi)(chi)(chi)95%以上,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)發輸(shu)配(pei)售用全(quan)環節數字(zi)化、信息化、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化發展(zhan)勢頭強(qiang)(qiang)勁(jing),持(chi)(chi)(chi)續激發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)發展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)。
根據(ju)《報告2024》預(yu)計,預(yu)計2024年全(quan)國全(quan)社會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)速接近(jin)2023年,新(xin)能(neng)源新(xin)增(zeng)裝機(ji)將(jiang)保(bao)持快速增(zeng)長,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應(ying)能(neng)力(li)繼續提升。全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)需形勢呈(cheng)現總體(ti)緊平衡(heng)態勢,迎峰度(du)夏和度(du)冬用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰期(qi),部(bu)分(fen)區域(yu)中的部(bu)分(fen)省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應(ying)偏緊,部(bu)分(fen)時段可能(neng)需要(yao)實(shi)施(shi)需求側管理等措施(shi)。
為深(shen)入、系(xi)統、專業(ye)地展示電力(li)行業(ye)各(ge)專業(ye)領域發(fa)展情況(kuang),中電聯同(tong)時(shi)組織編撰了(le)電力(li)供(gong)需分(fen)析、國際合作(zuo)、電力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)工程質量、標準化(hua)、可靠性、人才、造價管理、電氣化(hua)、數字(zi)化(hua)、科技創新、信用體系(xi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)、電力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)工程檢驗檢測、法治合規等專業(ye)報告(gao)(gao),形成(cheng)了(le)中電聯“1+N”年度系(xi)列報告(gao)(gao),以進一步滿足各(ge)專業(ye)領域讀者的需求,各(ge)報告(gao)(gao)即將出版發(fa)行。
《中國(guo)電力行業(ye)年(nian)度發(fa)展報告2024》
(發布(bu)稿)
2023年(nian)是全(quan)面建(jian)(jian)(jian)設社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)代化國家開局(ju)起步(bu)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)一(yi)年(nian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)堅持以習近平(ping)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思(si)想為(wei)(wei)指導(dao),深入(ru)貫徹落實習近平(ping)總書記重要(yao)(yao)指示(shi)批示(shi)和(he)黨的(de)二十大精(jing)神,按照(zhao)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國務院部署,堅持穩中(zhong)(zhong)求進(jin)(jin)工(gong)作(zuo)總基調(diao),統籌(chou)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)安全(quan),深入(ru)貫徹“四個革命(ming)、一(yi)個合作(zuo)”能源(yuan)安全(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)戰略,積極(ji)穩妥(tuo)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)碳(tan)達峰(feng)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統,助力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型能源(yuan)體(ti)系(xi),在新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)歷史(shi)起點上推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)源(yuan)網荷儲全(quan)鏈條發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)邁上新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)臺階。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)深入(ru)學習貫徹習近平(ping)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思(si)想主(zhu)題教育(yu),大力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弘(hong)揚“忠誠擔當、求實創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、追(zhui)求卓越、奉獻光明”的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)精(jing)神,實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)清潔(jie)低(di)碳(tan)、安全(quan)高(gao)效(xiao)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水平(ping)和(he)各類用(yong)戶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)獲得感雙提(ti)升;全(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保障能源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)安全(quan),著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)增(zeng)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應鏈彈性和(he)韌性,供(gong)(gong)需(xu)協同發力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),有效(xiao)緩解了(le)年(nian)初和(he)歲(sui)末(mo)部分(fen)地區部分(fen)時段供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張局(ju)面,堅決守(shou)牢民(min)生用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全(quan)底線,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)生產供(gong)(gong)應和(he)系(xi)統運(yun)行保持穩定;加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)綠(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)轉型,著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)風、光、水、核、火多輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)的(de)清潔(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應體(ti)系(xi),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)保持快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)勢頭,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)碳(tan)排放(fang)強度(du)穩步(bu)下降(jiang);縱深推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)市場化改革和(he)科技創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設統一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)市場,持續完(wan)善(shan)市場交易(yi)機(ji)制,推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價機(ji)制,加(jia)(jia)大力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)度(du)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)高(gao)效(xiao)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、先進(jin)(jin)核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈活煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、多元(yuan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型儲能、特高(gao)壓輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等關(guan)鍵技術攻關(guan),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)產業(ye)數字化進(jin)(jin)程,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質量(liang)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)活力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)增(zeng)強;扎(zha)實推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)共建(jian)(jian)(jian)綠(lv)色(se)“一(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)路”,構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)亞(ya)太電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)命(ming)運(yun)共同體(ti)取(qu)得新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)成(cheng)效(xiao),高(gao)水平(ping)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)國際合作(zuo)全(quan)方位拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)踐(jian)行責任擔當,為(wei)(wei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)經濟高(gao)質量(liang)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)滿足(zu)人民(min)美好生活需(xu)要(yao)(yao)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)了(le)堅強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保障,譜(pu)寫了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質量(liang)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)篇章。
一、電(dian)力消費(fei)
全(quan)(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量(liang)(liang)同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)6.7%,全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)增速逐季(ji)上升。國(guo)民經(jing)濟改善向(xiang)好拉動電力消費同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)升,2023年(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量(liang)(liang)92238億千瓦時(shi),同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)6.7%,增速同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高(gao)3.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點,高(gao)于GDP增速1.5個(ge)百(bai)分(fen);全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)人(ren)均用電量(liang)(liang)6538千瓦時(shi)/人(ren),同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增加(jia)422千瓦時(shi)/人(ren)。受經(jing)濟回升及(ji)上年(nian)同(tong)(tong)期基數的影響,各季(ji)度全(quan)(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量(liang)(liang)同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別增長(chang)3.6%、6.4%、6.6%、10.0%,第四季(ji)度增速達到最高(gao)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)力消費結構繼續優化(hua),新興產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)勢(shi)強(qiang)勁(jing)。2023年,第(di)一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)延續快速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)勢(shi)頭(tou),達到1277億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.4%,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的1.4%,與(yu)上年基本持平(ping);第(di)二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)60750億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.5%,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的65.9%(其中(zhong),工業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)59785億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.7%);第(di)三(san)(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)恢(hui)復快速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)勢(shi)頭(tou),達到16696億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)12.2%,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的18.1%,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提高0.9個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian);城鄉(xiang)居民生活用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)13514億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)0.8%,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的14.7%,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)回落12.8個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)。第(di)一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和第(di)三(san)(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)均超過10%,且(qie)明顯高于(yu)全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)。從用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)構成(cheng)看,第(di)二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和第(di)三(san)(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的拉動(dong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別達到4.3和2.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian),對全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的貢獻率分(fen)(fen)(fen)別為64.2%和31.5%。第(di)二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong),高技術及裝(zhuang)備制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.2%,超過制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)水平(ping)3.8個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian),表(biao)現亮眼。其中(zhong),光伏設備制(zhi)造用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)76.0%,新能源整(zheng)車制(zhi)造用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)38.8%,充(chong)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)78.1%,展現了強(qiang)勁(jing)的增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)態(tai)勢(shi)。
二、電力生產供(gong)應
煤電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機占比(bi)(bi)首次(ci)降(jiang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)40%以下,新(xin)能源發(fa)電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機突(tu)(tu)破(po)10億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)。截至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2023年底(di),全(quan)國(guo)全(quan)口徑(jing)發(fa)電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機容(rong)量292224萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)14.0%,增(zeng)(zeng)速同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提升6.0個百(bai)分點(dian)(dian)。其(qi)中,水電42237萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.0%(其(qi)中抽(chou)水蓄能5094萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)11.2%);火電139099萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.2%(煤電116484萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.4%,占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機容(rong)量比(bi)(bi)重降(jiang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)39.9%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)低4.1個百(bai)分點(dian)(dian);氣電12620萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)9.1%);核(he)電5691萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.4%;并(bing)網風(feng)電44144萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)20.7%(其(qi)中陸(lu)上風(feng)電40415萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),海上風(feng)電3729萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa));并(bing)網太(tai)陽能發(fa)電61048萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)55.5%(其(qi)中,并(bing)網光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電60991萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),集(ji)中式光伏(fu)(fu)35224萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),分布式光伏(fu)(fu)25767萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa));并(bing)網風(feng)電和(he)光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電合計裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機規模突(tu)(tu)破(po)10億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)大(da)關,2023年底(di)達到10.5億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機容(rong)量比(bi)(bi)重為36%。
新能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)46.1%。2023年,全國發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)94564億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.9%。其中(zhong),受(shou)年初(chu)主要(yao)水(shui)庫蓄水(shui)不(bu)足(zu)及(ji)降水(shui)偏少的(de)(de)影響(xiang),水(shui)電(dian)(dian)12859億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下(xia)降4.9%,占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)13.6%;火電(dian)(dian)62657億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.4%,占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)66.3%;核電(dian)(dian)4347億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)4.1%,占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)4.6%;風電(dian)(dian)8859億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)16.2%,占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)9.4%;太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)5842億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)36.7%,占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)6.2%。在(zai)新能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機快速帶動下(xia),風電(dian)(dian)和太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)快速增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang),合(he)計發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加2801億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi),占(zhan)(zhan)全年總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)46.1%。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)網輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力不斷增(zeng)強,跨區(qu)、跨省(sheng)配(pei)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)穩(wen)步增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。初(chu)步統計,截至2023年底,全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)網220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及以(yi)上輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路長(chang)(chang)度(du)919667千(qian)(qian)(qian)米,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)4.6%。全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)網220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及以(yi)上公用變電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備容量542400萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏安,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)5.7%。2023年,全(quan)國跨區(qu)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力達到18815萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),同(tong)(tong)比持(chi)平;全(quan)國完成跨區(qu)輸送電(dian)(dian)(dian)量8497億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)9.7%。
三、電力(li)供(gong)需
全國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)總體平(ping)衡,局(ju)部地區局(ju)部時(shi)段供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)偏(pian)緊(jin)。2023年(nian),我國(guo)(guo)高溫(wen)干旱、洪澇臺風、雨雪冰凍等(deng)極端天氣多發(fa)(fa)頻發(fa)(fa),電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)負荷屢創新高,最(zui)高達到13.45億(yi)千瓦,比2022年(nian)最(zui)高用電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷增長(chang)4.3%。年(nian)初受來(lai)水偏(pian)枯、電(dian)(dian)(dian)煤(mei)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應緊(jin)張等(deng)因素疊(die)加影響,少數省份在部分時(shi)段供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形勢較為緊(jin)張;迎峰度夏(xia)期間全國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形勢總體平(ping)衡,各省份均未采(cai)取有序(xu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)措施,為近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)最(zui)好(hao)情況;年(nian)末12月我國(guo)(guo)多地出現大范圍寒(han)潮、強雨雪天氣,近(jin)10個省份電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形勢偏(pian)緊(jin),部分省級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網通過需(xu)求側管理(li)等(deng)措施,確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)平(ping)衡。
供需兩端協同發(fa)(fa)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)用電(dian),電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統全年(nian)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)穩定運(yun)行。2023年(nian),國家高度(du)重視并出臺一系列電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供措施(shi),電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行業以高度(du)的政治(zhi)責任(ren)感,不斷(duan)提(ti)高電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供能(neng)力(li)(li)(li),堅持(chi)政企聯動(dong)、源網荷(he)儲協同發(fa)(fa)力(li)(li)(li),通過(guo)提(ti)升機組頂峰(feng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)、加強(qiang)省間余缺互濟、實施(shi)負荷(he)側(ce)管(guan)理等措施(shi),全力(li)(li)(li)做好(hao)迎峰(feng)度(du)夏、迎峰(feng)度(du)冬期間電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供,守牢(lao)民(min)生用電(dian)安全底線,電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統全年(nian)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)穩定運(yun)行。
四、電力投(tou)資與建(jian)設(she)
電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)創(chuang)新(xin)高,非(fei)化石能源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)達89.2%。2023年,全國主要電(dian)(dian)力企(qi)業(ye)合計完成(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)15502億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)24.7%。全國電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)工程建(jian)設完成(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)10225億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)37.7%,占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)力投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)的66.0%。其(qi)中,水(shui)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)1029億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)18.0%(其(qi)中抽水(shui)蓄能投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)40%,占(zhan)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)46.7%);火電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)1124億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)25.6%;核電(dian)(dian)1003億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)27.7%;風(feng)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)2753億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)36.9%;太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)完成(cheng)4316億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)50.7%。非(fei)化石能源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)39.2%,占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)達到(dao)89.2%,電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)加(jia)速(su)綠色低(di)碳轉型(xing)。
新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)并(bing)網(wang)太陽(yang)能裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)突破2億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能源新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)成為新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)絕(jue)對(dui)(dui)主體。2023年,全國新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量37067萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長86.7%,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速較上年提升75.5個百(bai)分點(dian)。其中,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)943萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)60.2%(其中新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)抽水蓄能545萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)38.1%);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)6610萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長44.7%(其中新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4775萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長63.6%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1025萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長57.9%);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)139萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)39.1%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)并(bing)網(wang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)7622千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長97.4%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)并(bing)網(wang)太陽(yang)能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)21753萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),占同(tong)期全國總(zong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)的比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)為58.7%,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長146.6%。風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)占新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)總(zong)容(rong)量的比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)達到79.2%,成為新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)的絕(jue)對(dui)(dui)主體。
電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)持續(xu)提升,重點輸電(dian)(dian)通道建(jian)設(she)穩步推進(jin)。2023年(nian)全國電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)完成(cheng)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)5277億(yi)元,同(tong)比增(zeng)長5.4%。其中,直(zhi)流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)145億(yi)元,同(tong)比下(xia)降(jiang)53.9%;交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)4987億(yi)元,同(tong)比增(zeng)長10.7%,占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)總投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)的(de)94.5%。電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業進(jin)一步加強(qiang)農網(wang)鞏固(gu)與提升配網(wang)建(jian)設(she),110千(qian)伏及以下(xia)等級電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)2902億(yi)元,占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)總額的(de)55.0%。白(bai)鶴灘(tan)—浙江±800千(qian)伏特高(gao)壓直(zhi)流(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實現(xian)全容量(liang)投(tou)(tou)產(chan),駐馬店(dian)—武漢1000千(qian)伏特高(gao)壓交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)正(zheng)式投(tou)(tou)運。
五、電(dian)力低碳環保
降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)減污工作(zuo)扎實推(tui)進。2023年,全(quan)國單位火電(dian)發電(dian)量二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放約(yue)(yue)821克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi),同(tong)比降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.4%,比2005年降(jiang)低(di)(di)21.7%;單位發電(dian)量二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放約(yue)(yue)540克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi),同(tong)比降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.2%,比2005年降(jiang)低(di)(di)37.1%。火電(dian)清潔高效靈(ling)活轉型深(shen)入推(tui)進,2023年,全(quan)國火電(dian)煙塵、二氧(yang)化(hua)硫、氮氧(yang)化(hua)物排放總(zong)量分別(bie)為8.5萬噸、48.4萬噸和78.5萬噸,同(tong)比分別(bie)下降(jiang)約(yue)(yue)14.1%、上升約(yue)(yue)1.7%、上升約(yue)(yue)3.0%,全(quan)國6000千(qian)瓦及以上火電(dian)廠供(gong)電(dian)標準煤耗301.6克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)。2023年,全(quan)國電(dian)網線(xian)損率(lv)4.54%,同(tong)比降(jiang)低(di)(di)0.3個百分點。
市(shi)場機制促進(jin)電力碳(tan)(tan)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)。全(quan)國(guo)2257家火(huo)電企業參與碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)權交(jiao)易,2023年全(quan)年碳(tan)(tan)配額總成交(jiao)量達到2.12億噸,累(lei)計(ji)成交(jiao)額超過144億元。全(quan)年覆(fu)蓋(gai)二氧(yang)化碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量超過50億噸,成為(wei)全(quan)球覆(fu)蓋(gai)溫室(shi)氣體(ti)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量最大的碳(tan)(tan)市(shi)場。全(quan)國(guo)溫室(shi)氣體(ti)自愿(yuan)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)交(jiao)易市(shi)場啟動,溫室(shi)氣體(ti)自愿(yuan)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)項(xiang)目(mu)首(shou)批方法學(xue)發布(bu),為(wei)降低減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)成本提供(gong)更多渠道(dao)。
六、電力安(an)全與可靠(kao)性
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)穩步提升。2023年(nian),納(na)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)統計(ji)的(de)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)等(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)93.38%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)升0.43個(ge)百分(fen)點;煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)總(zong)體(ti)維持在較高水平,等(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)91.73%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)升0.22個(ge)百分(fen)點;氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)等(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)92.90%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)升0.28個(ge)百分(fen)點;核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)等(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)89.35%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下降0.33個(ge)百分(fen)點;風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)運行(xing)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)指標(biao)總(zong)體(ti)平穩,等(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)98.76%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)升1.19個(ge)百分(fen)點。輸(shu)(shu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面,納(na)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)統計(ji)的(de)220千伏及以上(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)級(ji)十一(yi)類輸(shu)(shu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施的(de)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)保持在99.44%以上(shang)(shang)。直流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面,納(na)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)統計(ji)的(de)47個(ge)直流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統合計(ji)能量(liang)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)率為(wei)(wei)96.814%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)升0.013個(ge)百分(fen)點;能量(liang)利用(yong)(yong)率為(wei)(wei)42.07%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下降1.98個(ge)百分(fen)點。供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面,全國供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平均(jun)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)率為(wei)(wei)99.911%,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)提高了0.015個(ge)百分(fen)點;用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平均(jun)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)7.83小時(shi)(shi)/戶(hu),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)減少了1.27小時(shi)(shi)/戶(hu)。
七、電力(li)科技創新與數字化
科技(ji)創新加(jia)快驅動(dong)新質(zhi)(zhi)生產力發(fa)展(zhan)。2023年(nian),電(dian)力行(xing)業全力打造原創技(ji)術策源(yuan)地,圍(wei)繞加(jia)快發(fa)展(zhan)新質(zhi)(zhi)生產力,取得了(le)一批自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)創新成(cheng)果。在發(fa)電(dian)領域,順利投(tou)(tou)產擁有完(wan)全自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)知識產權的(de)(de)全球首臺(tai)16兆瓦(wa)超大(da)(da)容(rong)量(liang)海(hai)上風電(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu);國內首臺(tai)單機容(rong)量(liang)最(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率150兆瓦(wa)級大(da)(da)型沖擊(ji)式(shi)水(shui)電(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)于2023年(nian)6月投(tou)(tou)運發(fa)電(dian),標志(zhi)著我(wo)國實(shi)現(xian)高水(shui)頭大(da)(da)容(rong)量(liang)沖擊(ji)式(shi)水(shui)電(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)從(cong)設計、制造到運行(xing)的(de)(de)全面自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)化。在電(dian)網領域,建(jian)立了(le)大(da)(da)型電(dian)力系統(tong)基礎(chu)仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)理(li)論,實(shi)現(xian)了(le)萬節點級大(da)(da)型電(dian)力系統(tong)仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)從(cong)毫秒級到微秒級仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)突破,解決了(le)海(hai)量(liang)電(dian)力電(dian)子設備微秒級響應下(xia)系統(tong)穩定特性暫(zan)態仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)難題;世界首條35千伏公里級超導輸電(dian)示(shi)范工程完(wan)成(cheng)滿(man)負(fu)荷(he)試(shi)驗;世界首套±1100千伏自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)可控(kong)特高壓(ya)直流控(kong)制保(bao)護設備完(wan)成(cheng)掛網試(shi)運行(xing);成(cheng)功(gong)研制具有完(wan)全自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)知識產權的(de)(de)特高壓(ya)換(huan)流變壓(ya)器(qi)用(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)空機械(xie)式(shi)有載分接開關工程樣(yang)機,于2023年(nian)4月正式(shi)投(tou)(tou)入使用(yong),我(wo)國特高壓(ya)直流工程換(huan)流變壓(ya)器(qi)從(cong)整(zheng)機到組(zu)(zu)(zu)部件(jian)實(shi)現(xian)全部國產化。
電(dian)力數字(zi)基(ji)礎設施和(he)數據資源(yuan)體系基(ji)礎不(bu)斷(duan)夯(hang)實。2023年,電(dian)力企業進(jin)一步深入(ru)實施國有企業數字(zi)化轉型行動(dong)計劃,完善體制(zhi)機制(zhi)、推進(jin)試點示范、探索對(dui)標評估、加強合作(zuo)發(fa)展。電(dian)源(yuan)領域特別是新(xin)能源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)依托數字(zi)化新(xin)技術,提升生產運營的(de)(de)數字(zi)化水平,實現對(dui)發(fa)電(dian)設施的(de)(de)遠程監控(kong)和(he)智能化管理,顯著提升發(fa)電(dian)效(xiao)率和(he)經濟效(xiao)益;電(dian)網領域充分(fen)挖掘(jue)價值(zhi),以“電(dian)(dian)(dian)力 + 算力”帶(dai)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)力產業(ye)能級躍升,通過數字化轉(zhuan)型促進數字技術滲透各(ge)環節,基于(yu)源(yuan)網(wang)荷儲協同(tong)發展,逐步(bu)構成“大電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang) + 微電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)”的電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)形態。2023年(nian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)主要電(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業(ye)數字化投入為(wei)(wei)396.46億元,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力數字化領(ling)域的專利數量、軟件著作數量、獲獎數分別為(wei)(wei)5149項、39614項、1450項。
八、電(dian)力市場(chang)建設
電(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)規模快速擴大,市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)程度進(jin)一步(bu)提(ti)高。2023年,全國(guo)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)量(liang)56679.4億千瓦時(shi),同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)7.9%,占全社會用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)比重為61.4%,比2022年提(ti)升0.6個百分點。各電(dian)力交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)平臺(tai)累(lei)計注冊市(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體74.3萬家(jia),同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)23.9%,多(duo)元競爭(zheng)主(zhu)體格局初步(bu)形成(cheng),電(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)規模穩步(bu)擴大。
電(dian)力(li)市場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)機制(zhi)不(bu)斷完善(shan)。2023年(nian),電(dian)力(li)中(zhong)長期交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)已在全(quan)(quan)國(guo)范圍內常態化運(yun)行(xing)(xing)并持續增長,全(quan)(quan)國(guo)中(zhong)長期交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量占市場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量比重在90%以上,中(zhong)長期合同履約率超過96%,成(cheng)交(jiao)價(jia)格(ge)平穩,充(chong)分發揮了電(dian)力(li)中(zhong)長期交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)保供穩價(jia)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)作用(yong)(yong)。電(dian)力(li)現(xian)貨市場(chang)建(jian)設穩步(bu)推進(jin),23個省份啟動電(dian)力(li)現(xian)貨市場(chang)試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing),反映實時(shi)電(dian)力(li)供需(xu)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)機制(zhi)基(ji)本(ben)建(jian)立。輔助(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務市場(chang)實現(xian)全(quan)(quan)覆蓋(gai),品種(zhong)和主(zhu)體進(jin)一步(bu)豐富(fu)。全(quan)(quan)國(guo)各電(dian)網區域已實現(xian)輔助(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務市場(chang)全(quan)(quan)覆蓋(gai),初(chu)步(bu)建(jian)立市場(chang)引導的(de)輔助(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務資源(yuan)優(you)化配置機制(zhi),形成(cheng)以調峰、調頻、備用(yong)(yong)等交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)品種(zhong)為核心(xin)的(de)區域、省級(ji)輔助(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務市場(chang)體系(xi),對保障電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統安全(quan)(quan)穩定運(yun)行(xing)(xing)、促進(jin)新能源(yuan)消納、降(jiang)低系(xi)統調節成(cheng)本(ben)發揮了積極作用(yong)(yong)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)改革深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進。2023年(nian),煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)政策出臺(tai),初步(bu)(bu)形成(cheng)(cheng)了容量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)回(hui)收固定成(cheng)(cheng)本、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)回(hui)收變動(dong)(dong)成(cheng)(cheng)本、輔助服(fu)務回(hui)收調節(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)本的煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)機制,推(tui)動(dong)(dong)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向基(ji)礎保障性和系(xi)統(tong)調節(jie)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)并重轉型。新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)節(jie)奏(zou)進一步(bu)(bu)加快(kuai),全國新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)6845億千瓦時,占新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)總發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的47.3%,全國范圍內促進有效競爭的交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)規則(ze)體(ti)系(xi)基(ji)本形成(cheng)(cheng)。積(ji)極(ji)構建綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、綠(lv)證(zheng)(zheng)市(shi)場(chang)體(ti)系(xi),完善交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)機制,綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、綠(lv)證(zheng)(zheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)規模不斷擴大,自綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、綠(lv)證(zheng)(zheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)啟動(dong)(dong)以(yi)來,截至2023年(nian)底,全國綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)累計成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)(liang)954億千瓦時。綠(lv)證(zheng)(zheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)累計成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)(liang)突破1億張。
九(jiu)、電力(li)企業(ye)經營
電(dian)(dian)力(li)企業經營(ying)形勢繼續向好。截至(zhi)2023年底,國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)、南方電(dian)(dian)網(wang)和內蒙(meng)古(gu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)三(san)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業資(zi)產總(zong)額合(he)計6.56萬億元(yuan),同比(bi)增長(chang)6.5%;中國(guo)(guo)華能(neng)、中國(guo)(guo)大(da)唐、中國(guo)(guo)華電(dian)(dian)、國(guo)(guo)家能(neng)源集團、國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)(dian)投(tou)五大(da)發電(dian)(dian)集團資(zi)產總(zong)額合(he)計7.38萬億元(yuan),同比(bi)增長(chang)8.3%。2023年,三(san)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業主營(ying)業務收(shou)入(ru)合(he)計4.51萬億元(yuan),同比(bi)增長(chang)2.6%,平均資(zi)產負債率為56.3%,同比(bi)降低0.2個百分點(dian);五大(da)發電(dian)(dian)集團電(dian)(dian)力(li)業務收(shou)入(ru)1.58萬億元(yuan),同比(bi)增長(chang)3.4%,電(dian)(dian)力(li)業務利潤(run)總(zong)額1081億元(yuan),同比(bi)增長(chang)906億元(yuan)。
煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)企業(ye)經(jing)營狀(zhuang)況略(lve)有好(hao)轉(zhuan)。2023年,國內電(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)市場整體(ti)區域(yu)平衡,電(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)中(zhong)長(chang)期(qi)合同(tong)(tong)履約(yue)率明顯提升,現(xian)貨價格(ge)總體(ti)回落(luo)。電(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)中(zhong)長(chang)期(qi)合同(tong)(tong)機制持續發(fa)揮保供(gong)“穩(wen)定器”作用。根(gen)據CECI沿海指(zhi)數統計,2023年,5500大(da)卡現(xian)貨成(cheng)交價平均為(wei)(wei)978元/噸,同(tong)(tong)比下降(jiang)303元/噸。煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)企業(ye)經(jing)營狀(zhuang)況略(lve)有好(hao)轉(zhuan),五大(da)發(fa)電(dian)集(ji)團(tuan)全年火(huo)電(dian)業(ye)務利(li)潤(run)(run)總額(e)為(wei)(wei)196億(yi)元,部分發(fa)電(dian)集(ji)團(tuan)火(huo)電(dian)業(ye)務仍處于虧損狀(zhuang)態,其(qi)中(zhong),煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)業(ye)務利(li)潤(run)(run)總額(e)為(wei)(wei)202億(yi)元;其(qi)他(ta)14家大(da)型發(fa)電(dian)企業(ye)全年火(huo)電(dian)業(ye)務利(li)潤(run)(run)為(wei)(wei)229億(yi)元,其(qi)中(zhong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)業(ye)務利(li)潤(run)(run)為(wei)(wei)131億(yi)元。
十(shi)、電力國際(ji)合(he)作
電(dian)力對外(wai)(wai)投(tou)資規模持續(xu)擴(kuo)大(da)。截至2023年底,中國主要(yao)(yao)電(dian)力企(qi)業對外(wai)(wai)直接投(tou)資項目共(gong)34個,投(tou)資總金額44.23億(yi)美(mei)元,同比(bi)增長30.82%。中國主要(yao)(yao)電(dian)力企(qi)業對外(wai)(wai)投(tou)資主要(yao)(yao)涉及太(tai)陽能發(fa)電(dian)、風電(dian)、水電(dian)、輸變電(dian)、其他投(tou)資等領域。從項目數(shu)量(liang)看,新能源是對外(wai)(wai)投(tou)資項目數(shu)量(liang)最(zui)多的領域,占(zhan)比(bi)約61.8%,其中太(tai)陽能光伏發(fa)電(dian)占(zhan)比(bi)50%,風電(dian)占(zhan)比(bi)11.8%。
電力對(dui)外(wai)工(gong)程承(cheng)包(bao)發展態勢(shi)良(liang)好。2023年(nian),中國主要電力企(qi)業年(nian)度新簽(qian)訂境外(wai)工(gong)程承(cheng)包(bao)合(he)(he)同項(xiang)(xiang)目205個(ge),合(he)(he)同金額264.55億美元(yuan)。新簽(qian)境外(wai)工(gong)程承(cheng)包(bao)項(xiang)(xiang)目涉及55個(ge)國家和地區(qu),分(fen)布在(zai)亞洲和非(fei)洲占比(bi)最(zui)高,分(fen)別為59%和23.9%。截至2023年(nian)底,中國主要電力企(qi)業對(dui)外(wai)工(gong)程承(cheng)包(bao)合(he)(he)同額累計4024.26億美元(yuan)。
構(gou)建(jian)亞(ya)太(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力命運共同體邁出新(xin)步伐,中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)“走出去”取得新(xin)進(jin)展。2023年,第(di)24屆亞(ya)太(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)協大(da)會(hui)(hui)在廈門成(cheng)功召開(kai),大(da)會(hui)(hui)以(yi)“綠色低碳 點(dian)亮未(wei)來”為主題,中國(guo)同亞(ya)太(tai)(tai)各國(guo)一道,攜(xie)手推動(dong)構(gou)建(jian)開(kai)放共贏(ying)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力國(guo)際(ji)合作新(xin)格局。中國(guo)順利接(jie)任亞(ya)太(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)協技(ji)術(shu)委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)主席國(guo),指導推動(dong)成(cheng)立瀾湄區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)力技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)促進(jin)會(hui)(hui),不斷拓展瀾湄區域技(ji)術(shu)交流的(de)深度(du)和維度(du),發布由中國(guo)牽頭制定的(de)《分布式能(neng)源(yuan)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)網互(hu)聯》等8項國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。
十一、新型電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統
新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)構建(jian)基(ji)(ji)礎不斷夯實。清潔低碳(tan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量157541萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)24.1%,占(zhan)總裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量比(bi)(bi)重首次突破50%,達到53.9%。2023年(nian)(nian),基(ji)(ji)建(jian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量合計30762萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)96.2%,占(zhan)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)總量的83.0%。安全充裕方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),2023年(nian)(nian),全國新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)支撐性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)、常規水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian))6338萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)送規模超(chao)過(guo)3億千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)資(zi)源配置能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)持續(xu)(xu)提升。經濟高效(xiao)(xiao)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),建(jian)立煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)向基(ji)(ji)礎保障性和系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源并重轉型發展的容量電(dian)(dian)(dian)價機(ji)(ji)制,統(tong)(tong)一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)市場體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)設持續(xu)(xu)加強,系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)水(shui)(shui)平穩(wen)步(bu)提升。供需協同方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),源網(wang)荷儲一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)和多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互補蓬勃發展,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需求響應(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)穩(wen)步(bu)提升,虛擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠在京津冀區域、長(chang)三角(jiao)區域、粵港(gang)澳大(da)灣區加快布(bu)局,車(che)網(wang)互動(dong)在東(dong)部負(fu)荷中心地區開(kai)展有益探索。靈(ling)活智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)持續(xu)(xu)加強,具(ju)備深度調(diao)(diao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)超(chao)過(guo)50%,抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、新(xin)型儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量2814萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),在近年(nian)(nian)來新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)高速增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)條件下,利用率連續(xu)(xu)五年(nian)(nian)保持95%以上(shang),電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)發輸配售用全環節(jie)數字(zi)化(hua)、信息化(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)發展勢頭強勁,持續(xu)(xu)激發電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)發展新(xin)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。
十(shi)二、電力發展展望
2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需(xu)延續總(zong)體(ti)緊平(ping)衡態(tai)(tai)勢。綜合當前階段我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)經(jing)濟增(zeng)長潛力,以及國(guo)(guo)(guo)家宏觀(guan)調控目標,2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)宏觀(guan)經(jing)濟運(yun)行將(jiang)保(bao)持平(ping)穩增(zeng)長,成為拉動(dong)電(dian)(dian)力消費增(zeng)長的(de)最主要動(dong)力,預(yu)計2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)全社會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)速接近2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)。2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)能源(yuan)新(xin)增(zeng)裝機將(jiang)保(bao)持快速增(zeng)長,電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)能力繼續提升,為保(bao)障電(dian)(dian)力穩定供(gong)應(ying)提供(gong)了(le)基本支撐;但(dan)由于新(xin)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)出力以及來水存在不確定性(xing),常規電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)增(zeng)加(jia)規模小于用(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)增(zeng)加(jia)規模,均增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)電(dian)(dian)力生產供(gong)應(ying)的(de)潛在風險。綜合考慮用(yong)電(dian)(dian)增(zeng)長、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投產等情(qing)況,預(yu)計2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需(xu)形(xing)勢呈現總(zong)體(ti)緊平(ping)衡態(tai)(tai)勢;迎峰(feng)度(du)夏和(he)度(du)冬用(yong)電(dian)(dian)高峰(feng)期,部分區域中(zhong)的(de)部分省級電(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)偏(pian)緊,部分時段可(ke)能需(xu)要實施需(xu)求側管(guan)理等措施。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力中長期綠色低碳發展助力踐(jian)行“雙碳”目標。從需求總量上看(kan),我國(guo)經(jing)濟發展長期向好,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力需求將持(chi)續(xu)保持(chi)剛(gang)性增長。預(yu)計2030年(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)全(quan)社會用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量達(da)到13萬億千瓦(wa)時以(yi)上,綠氫、抽水(shui)蓄能和新(xin)型儲能的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求將顯著提高。從供應結構上看(kan),推(tui)(tui)動能源(yuan)(yuan)供給體系清潔化(hua)(hua)(hua)低碳化(hua)(hua)(hua),持(chi)續(xu)加大(da)非化(hua)(hua)(hua)石電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供給,推(tui)(tui)進大(da)型風光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地及其配(pei)套調節性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)規劃建(jian)設(she),統籌優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)抽水(shui)蓄能建(jian)設(she)布局。預(yu)計2030年(nian)(nian),全(quan)國(guo)非化(hua)(hua)(hua)石能源(yuan)(yuan)發點(dian)裝(zhuang)機占比接近70%,帶(dai)動非化(hua)(hua)(hua)石能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)比重達(da)到25%以(yi)上。從消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)結構上看(kan),深(shen)入實施可再生能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)替代,全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進終端(duan)能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)(hua)(hua)進程。預(yu)計2030年(nian)(nian),全(quan)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能占終端(duan)能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)比重有望達(da)到35%。
持續推進(jin)電力技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)、市場(chang)機制(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)、商業(ye)模(mo)式創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)。加(jia)快形成先進(jin)前(qian)沿技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)牽引帶動效應,加(jia)強(qiang)基礎前(qian)沿研(yan)究和(he)源端技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)研(yan)發,在高效新(xin)能(neng)源發電及主動支撐、新(xin)型儲能(neng)、綠色氫能(neng)、CCUS等重大關(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)高端電力基礎材(cai)料、電力氣象(xiang)、數(shu)字化智(zhi)能(neng)化等重要支撐技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)領(ling)域打(da)造先發優(you)勢;建(jian)立“電-碳-證(zheng)”多(duo)(duo)市場(chang)協同機制(zhi)(zhi),加(jia)強(qiang)可再生能(neng)源超(chao)額消納量、綠證(zheng)、碳排放權(quan)、CCER銜接,健全不同環境權(quan)益產品間的(de)流(liu)通(tong)規則、核算方式和(he)價格傳導機制(zhi)(zhi);因(yin)地制(zhi)(zhi)宜(yi)推動多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)商業(ye)模(mo)式更新(xin)迭代,聚焦煤新(xin)聯營(ying)、新(xin)能(neng)源配儲、虛擬電廠、綜合能(neng)源服務領(ling)熱點領(ling)域,培育(yu)電力新(xin)興業(ye)態商業(ye)模(mo)式,支撐新(xin)型電力系統(tong)建(jian)設路徑(jing)優(you)化。